Medicine lake volcano last eruption. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years .

Medicine lake volcano last eruption Jour. Medicine Lake is actually the caldera of the Medicine Lake Volcano – and is actually the largest volcano by volume in the entire Cascade Range. , Amsterdam. Medicine Lake Volcano is shaped much like a classic shield volcano, but while most shield volcanoes are made of exclusively basalt, Medicine Lake volcano consists of felsic rocks as well. A. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Chronology of postglacial eruptive activity and calculation of eruption probabilities for Medicine Lake volcano, northern California Julie Donnelly-nolan 2007, Scientific Investigations Report Medicine Lake Volcano is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 30 mi (50 km) northeast of Mount Shasta. As for the last eruption that occurred at Clear Lake, it’s anyone’s guess. Helens, coating the volcano's sides with flow after flow of basaltic lava. Medicine Lake lies within the shallow basin of Medicine Lake caldera. U. A shallow, but wide 4. The tuff is the only widespread marker bed on the volcano and is the single most important stratigraphic unit at Medicine Lake volcano. Oct 25, 2024 · Medicine Lake is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of Mount Shasta, rising about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above the Modoc Plateau to an elevation of 2,376 metres (7,795 ft). Jan 9, 2025 · Medicine Lake is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of Mount Shasta, rising about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above the Modoc Plateau to an elevation of 2,376 metres (7,795 ft). See plate 1 for a concise presentation of the material in this report, and see the glossary at the The pattern of eruptions over the last 13,000 years suggest that the chances of a future eruption at Medicine Lake volcano are about 1 in 3,600 in any given year. The pattern of historical ground deformation, seismicity, and crustal structure near Medicine Lake volcano illustrates a close relation between magmatism and tectonism near the margin of the Cascade volcanic chain and the Basin and Range tectonic province. Pub. ' GIANT CRATERLAVA FIELD TABLE 1. An older edifice was destroyed by a large debris avalanche which filled the Shasta River valley to the NW. This unique structure is collectively called the Medicine Lake Highlands, and is the secret behind the region’s critical hydrology. The calculated eruptive rate is about 0. The Giant Medicine Lake volcano lies in an east-west extensional environment east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. resulting from many eruptions of the Medicine Lake shield volcano over the past 500,000 years—including cinder and spatter cones, ‘lava beds’, and almost 700 lava tube caves. Glass Mountain flow, draped over the east side of the volcano, is the youngest lava flow at the volcano. shield volcano 2,414 m / 7,921 ft Lassen Peak volcano photos A beautiful stratovolcano in northern California that last erupted Nov 2, 2023 · The most likely future volcanic event at Medicine Lake Volcano would be a mafic eruption that built a cinder cone and produced a lava flow a few kilometers in length. There are up to 500 known lava tube caves within the boundaries of Lava Beds National Monument. Medicine Lake sits at an elevation of 6,700 feet, covers nearly 600 acres and has clear and cold water. Glass Mountain flow, erupted ~950 years ago, is outlined in the foreground. ©Elsevier Sci. The volcano is located in a zone of ea Dec 21, 2024 · Medicine Lake is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of Mount Shasta, rising about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above the Modoc Plateau to an elevation of 2,376 metres (7,795 ft). 10). The last time that the Medicine Lake Volcano erupted was nearly 1,000 years ago on the east side of the rim. This basalt is parental to the higher-silica calc-alkaline and tholeiitic lavas that make up the bulk of the Feb 21, 2024 · For example, tephra deposits are capable of retaining heat for some time after eruptions, and earthquakes are common in volcanic areas even if they don't lead to surface activity. Donnelly-Nolan, Manuel Nathenson, Duane E. The most recent flows from the Medicine Lake Volcano can be found at Glass Mountain (south of Lava Beds in the Modoc National Forest) which erupted about 950 years ago. Mount Konocti, a composite dacitic lava dome on the Journal of Geophysical Research, 1991. Sep 27, 2024 · Last Eruption Volcanic Landform; Ubehebe Craters: United States: 150 BCE: Minor: Markagunt Plateau: Medicine Lake [1910 Jan] [Unknown] Uncertain : St. Activity spanning about . Detailed mapping by USGS colleagues has shown that during the last 500,000 years MLV erupted >200 lava flows ranging from basalt to rhyolite, produced at least one ash-flow tuff, one caldera forming event, and at least 17 scoria cones. Geological Survey Professional Paper , 2016-1822, 59 p. Also like Newberry, its flanks are covered with hundreds of cinder cones and accompanying lava flows, while the caldera has several large and very Medicine Lake volcano is a Pleistocene and Holocene shield volcano of the southern Cascade Range. As it dives deep into the earth, this oceanic When did the Medicine Lake Volcano erupt? The Medicine Lake Volcano has erupted intermittently for the past half-million years, but most of the lava in the monument erupted thirty to forty thousand years ago from Mammoth and Modoc Craters. % water estimate was made, then the possible region would be a small triangle bounded below by the p X curve for 3 wt. (kitezombies. Dec 1, 2024 · Medicine Lake is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 50 km (30 mi) northeast of Mount Shasta, rising about 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above the Modoc Plateau to an elevation of 2,376 metres (7,795 ft). Oct 25, 2008 · Pyroclasts from explosive eruptions, such as the 1060 CE explosive Glass Mountain eruption of Medicine Lake volcano, California, contain large amounts of water. No granitoid fragments were found. Mount Konocti, a composite dacitic lava dome on the Sep 21, 2024 · Medicine Lake Volcano is a large shield volcano in northeastern California about 30 miles (50km) northeast of Mount Shasta. Medicine Lake is part of the old caldera, a bowl-shaped depression in the mountain. That eruption cannot account fully for formation of the 7 × 12 km summit caldera; draining of a magma reservoir Like Newberry, Medicine Lake is a shield volcano which underwent multiple caldera-forming collapses, resulting in a huge 4. NPS photo Jul 3, 2012 · Medicine Lake Highland, this shield-shaped volcano together with its surrounding apron of lavas covers a total area of about 850 miles, extending approximately 50 miles north-south and 30 miles east-west. 3 km 3) of basaltic lava during a time interval of a few hundred years about 10,500 years ago. Many features are young and well exposed, making it an ideal place for a field trip to see the range of volcanic activity from basaltic to rhyolitic (see map). Two-thirds of Lava Beds National Monument, on the north flank of the Medicine Lake volcano eruptions. This is significant for hazard assessments at the volcano, as it implies magmatic input at Medicine Lake Volcano has occurred more recently than the time of the last eruption \(\sim \) 1 ka. Shasta, Medicine Lake volcano is a shield-shaped volcano that has formed over the last 500,000 years Our last two days were dedicated to Medicine Lake volcano, with its variety of eruptive products. cine Lake volcano, several hundreds of years after the magma is unknown. 4. S. Once dry, volcanic ash deposits can be remobilized by wind and remain troublesome long after an eruption ceases. This may be the consequence of diffusive rehydration of the volcanic glass by meteoric (secondary) water after the eruption. The most recent eruption was rhyolitic and occurred about 900 years ago. The most voluminous of the Cascade volcanoes, northern California's Mount Shasta is a massive compound stratovolcano composed of at least four main edifices constructed over a period of at least 590,000 years. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years The 1060 ± 90 CE Glass Mountain eruption of Medicine Lake Volcano (CA) began with a Plinian phase that deposited 0. The most recent eruptions, which took place about 1,800 years ago, started explosively, then progressed to a relatively gentle effusion of dense, glassy-looking (obsidian) lava domes. Medicine Lake Mar 28, 2006 · Condensed from: PLINIAN-TYPE ERUPTIONS IN THE MEDICINE LAKE HIGHLAND, CALIFORNIA, AND THE NATURE OF THE UNDERLYING MAGMA. Nov 3, 2023 · The pattern of eruptions over the last 13,000 years suggest that the chances of a future eruption at Medicine Lake volcano are about 1 in 3,600 in any given year. shield volcano . It is located behind the main Cascade arc in an extensional tectonic setting where high-alumina basalt is the most commonly erupted lava. %PDF-1. Medicine Lake Volcano has been active for 500,000 years. Eruptive vents at Medicine Lake extend 55 km north-south and 40 km east-west. Oct 1, 2008 · Only one ignimbrite is known to have erupted from Medicine Lake, about 180 ka. Ewert 2007 View of Medicine Lake volcano from the northeast. The most recent lava flow in the monument is the Callahan flow, which erupted 1,200 years ago. The Hotlum cone, forming the present summit, the Shastina lava dome complex The late-Pliocene to early Holocene Clear Lake Volcanic Field in the northern Coast Ranges contains lava dome complexes, cinder cones, and maars of basaltic-to-rhyolitic composition. % H 2 O, to the right by The last 10,000 years of activity at the Medicine Lake volcanic center in northern California is characterized by bimodal mafic and siliceous volcanism. Oct 28, 2023 · Aerial view west across the upper part of Medicine Lake Volcano toward Mount Shasta on the horizon. Not only is it active, having last erupted in the year 1060, but it has Late Holocene volcanism at Medicine Lake volcano, northern California Cascades. On the FeO*/MgO (where FeO* is total Fe calculated as FeO) versus SiO2 discrimination diagram commonly used to distinguish tholeiitic from calc-alkaline series lavas the compositionally zoned eruption crosses Basaltic to andesitic lava flows and associated cinder cones and spatter cones are the dominant types of eruption at Medicine Lake volcano. 4 in) thick in any given year. The line marked today is for 947 years since the last eruption Nov 1, 2023 · At Medicine Lake Volcano, there is a 1 in 5,000 chance of an eruption producing enough tephra to accumulate to 1 cm (0. Aug 24, 2016 · Medicine Lake, the collapse caldera structure at the summit of Medicine Lake Volcano with Mount Shasta 50 km away in the background. The 0. Lowenstern, and John W. A shallow, but wide (7x12 km, 4. 5 mi) central caldera, which hosts the namesake Medicine Lake. Medicine Lake is a large Pleistocene-to-Holocene, basaltic-to-rhyolitic shield volcano east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. Donnelly-Nolan, J. A series of eruptions from Lassen Peak from 1914 to 1917 is the most recent eruptive activity in the southern Cascade Range. 5 mile (7 x 12 km) wide depression which houses its namesake lake. The maximum extent of lavas from this half-million Medicine Lake is a large Pleistocene-to-Holocene, basaltic-to-rhyolitic shield volcano east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. The probability of an eruption at Medicine Lake volcano in the next year from today is 0. Volc. Medicine Lake volcano has erupted lavas of widely varying composition ranging from basalt to rhyolite. 3 by 7. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Oct 15, 2024 · The largest volcano in California is a massive shield volcano known as Medicine Lake. Nov 3, 2023 · Medicine Lake volcano is located at the intersection of major tectonic features including the northwestern extension of the Walker Lane fault zone. 27 km 3 of rhyolitic pyroclastic material and terminated effusively with Jan 1, 2008 · Medicine Lake Volcano (MLV), located in the southern Cascades ∼ 55 km east-northeast of contemporaneous Mount Shasta, has been found by exploratory geothermal drilling to have a surprisingly silicic core mantled by mafic lavas. Volcanism, similar in style to that of Newberry volcano in Oregon, began less than one million years ago. By. The westernmost site of Quaternary volcanism in California, this volcanic field is in a complex geologic setting within the San Andreas transform fault system. 6mile (1km) thick shield is 22 The Giant Crater Lava Field: Geology and geochemistry of a compositionally zoned, high-alumina basalt to basaltic andesite eruption at Medicine Lake Volcano, California Reconstructing magma degassing and fragmentation: produced geological features within the Medicine Lake Highlands were no less dramatic than the volcanic eruptions which took place on Mt. 9). A significant amount of the area and volume of this stage was generated in the Giant Crater event that occurred just after the end of glaciation. 3 cu mi (5. The Medicine Lake Highland is a young volcano located 55 km east of Mount Shasta, on the western margin of the Modoc Plateau. 3. Eruptive activity during the past 11,000 years at Medicine Lake volcano has been episodic. The flanks of Medicine Lake volcano, which are dotted with cinder cones, slope gently upward to the caldera rim, which reaches an elevation of nearly 8,000 ft (2,440 m). A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Volcano Hazards Assessment for Medicine Lake Volcano, Northern California By Julie M. Nov 2, 2023 · At least 17 eruptions have occurred since the end of glaciation at Medicine Lake, or between 1 and 2 eruptions per century on average, although activity appears to be strongly episodic. % water, which is probably more reasonable since Medicine Lake basalt eruptions are much less gaseous than the Fuego eruptions for which the 5 wt. Eruptions occurring about 400,000 years ago were followed by a long lull in volcanic activity until about 18,000 years ago. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Medicine Lake is a large Pleistocene-to-Holocene, basaltic-to-rhyolitic shield volcano east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. The maximum extent of lavas from this half-million Sep 17, 2024 · Lava Beds National Monument is a land of turmoil, both geological and historical. This unexpected result The Lassen Volcanic Center consists of the andesitic Brokeoff stratovolcano SW of Lassen Peak, a dacitic lava dome field, peripheral small andesitic shield volcanoes, and large lava flows, primarily on the Central Plateau NE of Lassen Peak. California’s smallest Sequoia grove is hidden in Northern Sep 29, 2007 · The mixed exponential distribution is the best match to the data and provides estimates for the conditional probability of a future eruption given the time since the last eruption. 5 miles caldera basin containing its namesake lake is located at the summit of the volcano. Ramsey, Jacob B. Lava from the volcano covers more than 2,000 sq km. 7: Medicine Lake Volcano - Geosciences LibreTexts The source of the lava, Medicine Lake Volcano, as viewed from the north side of the park. com) On top of the volcano lies Medicine Lake, a 7 by 12 km (4. The most recent flows from the Medicine Lake Volcano can be found at Glass Mountain (south of Lava Beds in the Mar 28, 2006 · If we knew that the basalt initially contained 3 wt. Medicine Lake sits at an elevation Jul 2, 2023 · Medicine Lake. Over the last half-million years, volcanic eruptions on the Medicine Lake shield volcano have created a rugged landscape dotted with diverse volcanic features. P. Medicine Lake volcano has had 4 eruptive episodes in its postglacial history (since 13,000 years ago) comprising 16 eruptions. Nov 1, 2023 · Geologic evidence indicates that Medicine Lake caldera exists primarily because of subsidence in response to repeated extrusions (eruptions) of mostly mafic lava beginning early in the history of the volcano. Res. USGS. Medicine Lake Volcano (MLV) is most voluminous of all the Cascade Volcanoes (~600 km 3 ), and has the highest eruption frequency after Mount St. Nov 2, 2023 · Dacite eruptions also occurred late in this stage and culminated with the eruption of the volcano's only ash-flow tuff, the dacite tuff of Antelope Well (~180 ka). Located about 71 miles from Weed, CA and 35 miles northeast of Mt. Jan 17, 2024 · Lava Beds National Monument lies on the northeast flank of the volcano. To read more early observations of California's Volcanoes, check out the Lassen Volcano Observatory reports in the 1926-1935 editions of The Volcano Letter: https (Photo 1), and the Medicine dacite flow (Anderson, 1941). The eruptions were gentle rather than explosive like Mount St. 35). In the last 13,000 years, effusive flank eruptions created expansive lava flows with single flows covering as much as 195 km 2 (75 mi 2). Scenic Attractions Volcanic formations, such as glass and lava flows, pumice deposits, lava tubes, cinder cones, craters, and faults are found throughout the Medicine Lake Highlands Volcanic Area. “We don’t currently have a great handle on when the last eruptions in Clear Lake occurred or how long they lasted,” says Medicine Lake is a large Pleistocene-to-Holocene, basaltic-to-rhyolitic shield volcano east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. 00028. Helens Feb 28, 2011 · Hidden in the center of Medicine Lake volcano is a 7 km by 12 km summit caldera in which nestles its namesake, Medicine Lake. INTRODUCTION. St. Mar 28, 2006 · Since these flows represent both the initial eruptions of the Medicine Lake volcano as well as the bulk of the extrusives which compose the Highland (equivalent to the shield-forming platy olivine andesite of C. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Chronology of Postglacial Eruptive Activity and Calculation of Eruption Probabilities for Medicine Lake Volcano, Northern California Lava Beds National Monument lies on the north slope of Medicine Lake shield volcano, and contains the highest concentration of lava tube caves in North America. Chronology of Postglacial Eruptive Activity and Calculation of Eruption Probabilities for Medicine Lake Volcano, Northern California (PDF) Chronology of Postglacial Eruptive Activity and Calculation of Eruption Probabilities for Medicine Lake Volcano, Northern California | Duane Champion, Julie Donnelly-nolan, and Manuel Nathenson - Academia. Cratereruptiontookplaceon the southwest flankof Medi- 21,850 DONNELLY-NOLAN ET AL. Seismic tomography identified a small silicic magma body under the eastern part of the caldera. It has been active for 500,000 years, but because the eruptions were gentle rather than explosive, it coated the volcano’s sides with flow after flow. More than 800 caves, Native American rock art sites, historic battlefields and campsites, and a high desert wilderness experience await you! Oct 15, 2016 · These best-fitting models suggest that intrusion at Medicine Lake Volcano has occurred on the order of hundreds of years before present (Fig. , 4, 375-402 (1978). 6 km3 per thousand years during the entire history of the volcano. Hoffman Flows The earliest of the three late Holocene rhyolite eruptions at Medicine Lake volcano, the informally named Hoffman flows erupted ~1,230 years ago from a north-northwest-trending 2-km-long fissure tangential to the northeast caldera rim and 1 km west of the parallel Glass Mountain fissure (fig. At least seventeen eruptions have occurred since 12,000 years ago, or between 1 and 2 eruptions per century on average, although activity appears to be strongly episodic. Eruption History of Medicine Lake Volcano The eruptive activity at Medicine Lake volcano is probably driven by intrusions of basaltic magma that occur during east-west stretching of the crust in an extensional tectonic environment. The largest eruption of Medicine Lake during the past 11,000 years produced a massive basaltic lava flow from Giant Crater about 10,600 years ago. These features result from a tectonic plate beneath the Pacific Ocean slowly sliding under the continental plate. Nov 2, 2023 · Postglacial lavas ~13,000 years old and younger are shown in darker pink. Weeks to months of heightened earthquake activity and ground deformation will probably precede the next eruption. Time intervals between events within the episodes are relatively short, whereas time intervals between the epi-sodes are much longer. 3 days ago · On January 7, 2025, the President announced the designation of the Sáttítla Highlands National Monument, a more than 200,000-acre area which encompasses the upper part of the broad Medicine Lake Volcano and its 7x12-km (4. However, prolonged silicic or basaltic eruptions lasting years or even decades are possible. During the past 11,000 years, eruptive activity at Medicine Lake Volcano has been episodic. electronic or motorized equipment. Intermittent, mostly effusive (non-explosive) eruptions over the last half-million years produced this large, shield-shaped volcano. and Geotherm. Chemical analyses of pre-Holocene rocks from Medicine Lake Volcano and vicinity, Northern California. 5 x 7. It is a large shield volcano with a 12 km x 7 km caldera. Nov 29, 2022 · The last documented eruptions at Medicine Lake volcano were 950 and 1,000 years ago forming Little Glass Mountain and Glass Mountain. Interflow element variations are complex and exhibit a discontinuity for most elements between 57 Up the volcano: Helicopter ; Lodging: Medicine campground($14 per campsite per night) Best months to climb: year round; Hazards: Lava flows, ash/tephra flows ; Legends: The Pit River tribe, also located in Southeastern California, believes that the Medicine Lake highland region is sacred land; the tribe has been using this region for ceremonial Medicine Lake Volcano (MLV), located in the southern Cascades ∼ 55 km east-northeast of contemporaneous Mount Shasta, has been found by exploratory geothermal drilling to have a surprisingly silicic core mantled by mafic lavas. Jan 1, 2007 · Conditional probability that an eruption will occur at Medicine Lake volcano in the next year, given a time since the last eruption. It has erupted hundreds of times during its half-million-year history, including nine times during the past 5,200 years, most recently 950 years ago. 3x7. Clear Lake is known for its steam vents, hot springs and geothermal power plants, which are all telling signs of lingering bodies of magma. Medicine Lake lies within the 7 × 12 km shallow basin of Medicine Lake caldera. Oct 1, 2024 · Its periodic eruptions over the eons have created nearly 850 square miles of gently-sloped lava beds, layered on top of one another, making it the Cascade Range’s largest volcano by volume. 5 miles) caldera structure that is thought to be the result of collapse after a large volume of andesite erupted from vents along Oct 25, 2008 · View from the northeast of Medicine Lake Volcano (MLV) shows its broad shield shape and numerous flank cinder cones. Sep 27, 2007 · The mixed exponential distribution is the best match to the data and provides estimates for the conditional probability of a future eruption given the time since the last eruption. 5 mi) caldera basin containing its namesake lake is located at the summit of the volcano. The volcano is positioned at a kink where northwest-trending faults entering the volcano from the south turn to the northeast, and then back to northwest. Medicine Lake Volcano is located in northern California. That eruptive episode was followed by a hiatus that ended with a small andesitic eruption about 4,300 years ago. Aerial view west across the upper part of Medicine Lake Volcano toward Mount Shasta on the horizon. Geological Survey Open-File Report , 2008-1094, 9 p. A wide variety of volcanic and tectonic phenomena can be seen at Medicine Lake volcano. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years Dec 10, 1991 · The Giant Crater lava field consists of >4 km3 of basaltic lava, compositionally zoned from first-erupted calc-alkaline basaltic andesite to last-erupted primitive high-alumina basalt. A roughly 7 x 12 km caldera truncating the summit contains a lake that gives the volcano its name. Major lava flows are labeled, including anr (andesite of north rim) and asr (andesite of south rim). Helens. Eight eruptions produced about 1. Medicine Lake Volcano (MLV), located in the southern Cascades ∼ 55 km east-northeast of contemporaneous Mount Shasta, has been found by exploratory geothermal drilling to have a surprisingly silicic core mantled by mafic lavas. Medicine Lake sits in the caldera of an ancient volcano and is 30 miles Northeast of Mount Shasta. Download: Download full-size image; Fig. One … 7. 3 km3 of basaltic lava during an interval of a few hundred years about 10,500 years B. Co. Numerous cinder cones can be seen scattered across its surface. Anderson, 1941) the conclusion can be drawn that the entire 900-1000 m thickness of lavas related to the Medicine Lake volcano (See Apr 10, 2019 · Medicine Lake volcano (MLV) is a very large shield-shaped volcano located in northern California where it forms part of the southern Cascade Range of volcanoes. Before reaching the volcano, however, we took a short detour and indulged in a spectacular view of Mount Shasta, the southernmost stratovolcano of the Cascade Range (fig. M. The volcano is located in a zone of eastwest crustal extension east of the main axis of the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the Cascade Range. Champion, David W. Eight eruptions produced about 5. (2008). The mixed exponential distribution is the best match to the data and provides estimates for the conditional probability of a future eruption given the time since the last eruption. A series of young eruptions lasting a few hundred years The late-Pliocene to early Holocene Clear Lake Volcanic Field in the northern Coast Ranges contains lava dome complexes, cinder cones, and maars of basaltic-to-rhyolitic composition. edu Mar 17, 2011 · Hidden in the center of Medicine Lake volcano is a 7 km by 12 km summit caldera in which nestles its namesake, Medicine Lake. 4 %âãÏÓ 227 0 obj /Linearized 1 /O 230 /H [ 2135 522 ] /L 771586 /E 526875 /N 4 /T 766927 >> endobj xref 227 76 0000000016 00000 n 0000001871 00000 n 0000002016 00000 n 0000002657 00000 n 0000003182 00000 n 0000003205 00000 n 0000004388 00000 n 0000004595 00000 n 0000005823 00000 n 0000007164 00000 n 0000008335 00000 n 0000008432 00000 n 0000008633 00000 n 0000008662 00000 n Medicine Lake is a large Pleistocene-to-Holocene, basaltic-to-rhyolitic shield volcano east of the main axis of the Cascade Range. The volcano has erupted nine times during the past 5,200 years. vpczvy scudnr zbgxuz cwqsdwd knp qxf eiowa urtxtz yslq vknfis